STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION

[photo, State Department of Education, 200 Baltimore St., Baltimore, Maryland] 200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201 - 2595

The State Board of Education was organized in Maryland in 1864. It reformed as the Board of State School Commissioners in 1870, and again became the State Board of Education in 1916. The Board has general control and supervision over public schools and the educational interests of the State. It sets policy for the administration of the public school system by adopting bylaws and regulations which have the force of law. The Board, often through the State Superintendent of Schools, consults with and advises county boards of education, superintendents of schools and their staffs, principals, and teachers. It also mediates disputes arising from the twenty-four independent local school systems in Maryland.

200 Baltimore St., Baltimore, Maryland, July 2003. Photo by Diane F. Evartt.

With the advice and counsel of the State Superintendent of Schools, the State Board of Education sets standards for instruction in schools and for programs in public libraries and vocational rehabilitation. The Board also sets the standards for certification of teachers and other professional personnel and for requirements to graduate high school. If local school systems do not comply with State standards, the Board may recommend that State funds be withheld from those districts. For schools which consistently fail to improve, the Board, through the State Department of Education, also may intervene to help restructure their administration, organization, or instruction.

The Board has twelve members. Appointed by the Governor with Senate advice and consent, eleven serve four-year terms. A student member is appointed by the Governor to a one-year term (Code Education Article, secs. 2-201 through 2-205).

STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

The State Department of Education is directed by the State Superintendent of Schools who executes policy and enforces regulations adopted by the State Board of Education. Appointed by the Board to a four-year term, the Superintendent serves as the Board's secretary-treasurer (Code Education Article, secs. 2-301 through 2-303).

The State Superintendent of Schools chairs the Cabinet Council for Career and Technology Education, the Education Coordinating Council for Correctional Institutions, and the Interagency Committee on School Construction, and serves on the Governor's Executive Council, the Cabinet Council on Criminal and Juvenile Justice, and the Governor's Subcabinet for Children, Youth, and Families. The State Superintendent also is a member of the Governor's Council on Adolescent Pregnancy; the State Child Fatality Review Team; the Advisory Committee for Children, Youth, and Families; the Education Coordinating Committee; the Maryland Education Council; the Maryland Higher Education Investment Program Board; the Governor's Commission on Hispanic Affairs; the State Information Technology Board; the Maryland Advisory Commission on Manufacturing Competitiveness; the Intergovernmental Advisory Committee for Minority Affairs; the Maryland Advisory Council for New Americans; the Maryland Partnership for Children, Youth, and Families; the Governor's Pesticide Council; the Professional Standards and Teacher Education Board; the Maryland Public Broadcasting Commission; the Governor's Commission on Service and Volunteerism; the State Coordinating Council (for residential placement of handicapped children); the Women's Health Promotion Council; and the Governor's Workforce Investment Board. In addition, the State Superintendent serves on the Advisory Board on After-School Opportunity Programs; the Advisory Council on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; the State Children's Environmental Health and Protection Advisory Council; the Governor's Interagency Council on Homelessness; the Statewide Commission on the Crisis in Nursing; the Advisory Council on Offender Employment Coordination; the Commission on Responsible Fatherhood; and the Task Force to Study Public School Facilities.

Under the State Superintendent of Schools are three deputy superintendents. One is responsible for Academic Policy, one for Administration, and one for Instruction and Academic Acceleration. The State Superintendent of Schools also directly oversees four divisions: Leadership Development; Library Development and Services; Planning, Results, and Information Management; and Rehabilitation Services.

MARYLAND MATHEMATICS COMMISSION
In October 1999, the State Superintendent of Schools formed the Maryland Mathematics Commission. The Commission reviewed data on how Maryland students perform in mathematics, and considered ways to improve that performance statewide. Issues studied included integration of the math curriculum from prekindergarten through high school; qualifications of teachers in mathematics and opportunities for professional development; time devoted to mathematics during the school day; the role of technology in mathematics instruction; and public awareness of the importance of mathematics for every student.

The Commission submitted its recommendations to the State Board of Education in June 2001. Currently, the Commission advises the State Superintendent on developing a plan that incorporates its recommendations.

DIVISION OF LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

In 1989, the Division of Leadership Development was created as the Office of Maryland School Performance. Under the School Improvement Services Office, it reorganized in 1993 as the School Performance, Product, and Service Development Office. In 1994, it became School Performance: Research and Development, and in July 1997, the Office of Research and Development. The Office reformed as the Division of Professional and Strategic Development in July 2000 and transferred to the oversight of the State Superintendent in 2001. In January 2003, the Division adopted its present name.

The Division investigates ways to improve public education. Award programs which recognize innovation and excellence, such as the Maryland Teacher of the Year, are administered by this office. Other such programs include the Blue Ribbon Schools Program, the Milken Awards Program, and the Christa McAuliffe Fellowship Award Program.

The Division oversees four branches: Elementary and Middle School Initiatives; High School and Postsecondary Initiatives; Professional Development Grants; and Schools under Local Reconstitution.

ELEMENTARY & MIDDLE SCHOOL INITIATIVES BRANCH

The Elementary and Middle School Initiatives Branch formed within the Division of Professional and Strategic Development in July 2000 as Elementary and Middle School Initiatives. In October 2001, it split into two branches: Elementary School Initiatives; and Middle School Initiatives. The branches rejoined in July 2002 as the Elementary and Middle School Initiatives Branch. The Branch develops methodologies, tools, and services geared to improve school accountability and student achievement in reading and mathematics programs from early childhood through elementary and middle school.

Maryland Academic Intervention and Support Program. For prekindergarten through 5th grade, the Branch coordinates implementation of this program which grants funds to local school systems for students with deficiencies in reading or mathematics (Chapter 492, Acts of 2000).

HIGH SCHOOL & POSTSECONDARY INITIATIVES BRANCH

The High School and Postsecondary Initiatives Branch began in July 2000. It coordinates high school improvement initiatives, and works on ways to improve student performance and high school school accountability. Leadership training for high school principals is coordinated and evaluated by the Branch.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT GRANTS BRANCH

Within the Division of Certification and Accreditation, the Professional Development Grants Branch formed in 1981as the Staff Development Branch. In 1994, the Branch became part of the Division of Instruction and Staff Development, and in July 2000 moved to the Division of Professional and Strategic Development. In October 2001, the Branch restructured under its current name.

The Branch oversees regional staff development centers serving the Eastern Shore, Baltimore City, Prince George's County, and western Maryland. It provides leadership and coordinates the Teacher Mentoring Program. The Branch also is responsible for the Instructional Framework System; School Improvement Leadership Training, and Technical Assistance and Support Teams Training; and State-Aided Institutions Grants.

GOALS 2000 PROGRAM
The Goals 2000 Program began in 1995 when the State Superintendent of Schools formed the Strategic Planning Unit to conduct short- and long-term planning for Department divisions. The Unit in 1997 was renamed Grants and Goals 2000. In May 1999, it became Goals 2000 Program and transferred to the Office of Research and Development, which became the Division of Professional and Strategic Development in July 2000.

This unit identifies critical issues in education and finds ways to use departmental resources effectively. It oversees State plans to meet national education goals set in the Goals 2000 Educate America Act (P.L. 103-227) passed by the U.S. Congress in 1994.

Schools for Success and Goals 2000 Program. Also administered by the unit, this program awards funds to local school systems for school improvement.

SCHOOLS UNDER LOCAL RECONSTITUTION BRANCH

The Schools under Local Reconstitution Branch organized in 1994 as the Challenge and Reconstituted Schools Unit. The Unit became the Reconstituted Schools Branch in 1996 within the Division of Instruction and Staff Development. In October 2001, the Branch reformed as the Schools under Local Reconstitution Branch and moved to the Division of Professional and Strategic Development. In July 2002, that branch combined with the Special Programs Branch to become the Schools Under Local Reconstitution and Special Projects Branch. In November 2002, the Special Projects component moved to the Division of Special Education and Early Intervention Services, and the Branch reverted to its former name.

The Challenge System Initiative is overseen by the Schools under Local Reconstitution Branch. Through financial and technical support, the Initiative helps schools improve their scores in the Maryland School Performance Assessment Program (Code Education Article, sec. 5-202.2).

School Reconstitution Program. Under this program, the Branch monitors local plans to improve schools which have poor and declining scores in the Assessment Program. Plans outline reforms in school administration, curriculum, and staff. If local efforts fail and the State Board of Education approves, the Branch oversees State intervention to improve these schools (COMAR 13A.01.04.07).

DIVISION OF LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT & SERVICES

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

The Division of Library Development and Services began in 1935 as the Office of Public Libraries, and became the Division of Library Extension in 1946. It reorganized under its present name in 1969. As the State library agency, the Division administers State and federal programs to improve library services in public schools and libraries throughout the State (Code Education Article, secs. 23-102 through 23-105).

Under the Division are two branches: Maryland State Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped; and Public Libraries and State Networking. The Maryland Advisory Council on Libraries advises the Division.

MARYLAND STATE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND & PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED

415 Park Ave.
Baltimore, MD 21201 - 3603

In 1968, the Maryland State Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped opened. The Library serves eligible blind and physically handicapped residents of Maryland. It is the Maryland regional library under the National Library Services for the Blind and Physically Handicapped of the Library of Congress.

Through the Maryland State Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, those who are legally blind, visually limited, physically limited, or reading disabled may borrow books and recordings. These include books in braille or with large type, and recordings on discs and cassettes.

The Library has one subregional branch, the Special Needs Library.

SPECIAL NEEDS LIBRARY
6400 Democracy Blvd.
Bethesda, MD 20817

The Special Needs Library started in 1972. The Library serves the blind and physically handicapped residents of Montgomery County. It is closed on Wednesdays and Sundays.

PUBLIC LIBRARIES & STATE NETWORKING BRANCH

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

Origins of the Public Libraries and State Networking Branch trace to 1902 when the State Library Commission was created (Chapter 47, Acts of 1902). Commission responsibilities for public library development were assigned to the Office of Public Libraries under the State Board of Education in 1935, and to the Division of Library Extension from 1947 to 1971. Within the Division of Library Development and Services, the Public Libraries Branch was formed in 1971 and renamed the Public Libraries and State Networking Branch in 1988. The Branch provides leadership and technical assistance to improve library service.

The Branch oversees the State Library Network through which Maryland residents obtain library materials and gain access to information not available in their local library. The Network provides interlibrary loan, direct lending of materials, technical assistance to libraries, and staff training. More than 400 Maryland libraries participate in the State Library Network. These include public, university, college and community college libraries. Centered at Enoch Pratt Free Library in Baltimore, the Network is aided by three regional resource centers: the Eastern Shore Regional Resource Center (Salisbury); Southern Maryland Regional Library Association (Charlotte Hall); and the Western Maryland Public Libraries Regional Resource Center (Hagerstown) (Code Education Article, secs. 23-201, 23-202).

DIVISION OF PLANNING, RESULTS, & INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

Duties of the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management started in 1921 when the Bureau of Educational Measurements formed within the State Department of Education. By 1945, the Division of Finance, Statistics, and Educational Measurements replaced the Bureau. The Division was renamed Division of Finance and Research in 1949, Division of Research and Development by 1963, and Division of Research, Evaluation and Information Systems by 1971. The Division of Administration assumed information system functions by 1979, as did the Division of Administration and Finance by 1983. The Office of Management Information Systems emerged in 1987 and was replaced by the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management in 1992.

The Division administers the student assessment tests. In addition, it conducts evaluation and statistical services, and research for the Department. Annually, the Division produces the Maryland School Performance Report.

Under the Division are four branches: Assessment; Information Management; Information Services and Research; and Planning.

ASSESSMENT BRANCH

Formerly within the Division of Instruction, the Assessment Branch joined the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management in 1994. The Branch is responsible for the Maryland School Assessment, as well as other student achievement tests.

Maryland Functional Testing Program. This program tests students in reading, writing, mathematics, and citizenship. To graduate from high school, students must pass tests in basic skills.

High School Assessment Program. Beginning with the class of 2005, the Program will test students who have completed required courses in English, mathematics, science, and social studies. These tests will replace functional tests as a requirement for graduation from high school.

Maryland School Assessment.

Norm-Referenced Testing Program. This program uses the California Test of Basic Skills 5 to evaluate children in grades 2, 4, and 6. Their scores are compared with the performance of students in the same grade nationwide.

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT BRANCH

The Information Management Branch began as the Statistical Services Branch. Renamed Results Branch, it was placed under the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management in 1992. The Branch adopted its present name in 1999. The Branch maintains the Education Data Warehouse. From local school systems, the Branch collects and compiles data for local, State and federal reports. Annually, the Branch reports (by school system) on curriculum, staffing, students, facilities, and finance. The Branch also compiles data on students taught at home and through correspondence courses.

INFORMATION SERVICES & RESEARCH BRANCH

The Information Services and Research Branch formed in July 2000. For the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management, the Branch analyzes and interprets data from the Education Data Warehouse. The Branch also collaborates on studies and research with the Maryland Assessment Research Center for Education Success at the University of Maryland, College Park.

PLANNING BRANCH

The Planning Branch organized in 1992. The Branch develops the budget and monitors projects in the Division. The Branch also helps develop and administer tests, scores them, and reports the results.

DIVISION OF REHABILITATION SERVICES

2301 Argonne Drive
Baltimore, MD 21218 - 1696

In 1929, the Division of Rehabilitation Services began as the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation. In 1992, it received its present name (Chapter 42, Acts of 1992).

The Division of Rehabilitation Services helps enable persons with physical or mental disabilities to live and work independently (Code Education Article, sec. 21-301 through 21-309). Through five regional offices and twenty-two local offices, the Division provides medical and vocational evaluation, counseling and guidance, and training in vocations and independent-living skills. These offices give reader and interpreter services, physical and mental restoration, and rehabilitation engineering. They help persons with disabilities find and keep jobs. Through supported employment, the offices monitor clients' job performance and provide on-the-job training and coaching. They also assist former clients, as needed, who are employed.

The Interagency State Plan for Transitioning Students with Disabilities is developed and implemented by the Division (Chapter 435, Acts of 1995). To coordinate postgraduate services to students with disabilities, Division staff work with other divisions; the Department of Business and Economic Development; the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; and the Office for Individuals with Disabilities (Code Education Article, sec. 21-305).

Under the Division are Disability Determination Services, and three offices: Business Support Services; Field Services; and Program and Community Support. The Division is aided by the Maryland State Rehabilitation Council.

DISABILITY DETERMINATION SERVICES

P. O. Box 6338
170 West Ridgely Road, Suite 310
Baltimore, MD 21204 - 6338

Established in 1955, Disability Determination Services adjudicates claims for federal Social Security Disability Insurance (Title II) and Supplemental Security Income (Title XVI). The office provides direct access to rehabilitation for persons with disabilities through expedited referrals to Client Services. Under contract with the federal Social Security Administration, the Division of Rehabilitation Services administers the program.

OFFICE OF BUSINESS SUPPORT SERVICES

The Office of Business Support Services formed as Program and Administrative Support Services and received its current name in January 1997. For the Division, the Office oversees Facilities Management; Fiscal Operations; Human Resources; Management Information Services; and Program Income. It also administers the Maryland Business Enterprise Program for the Blind.

OFFICE OF FIELD SERVICES

The Office of Field Services originated as the Office of Client Services and reorganized under its present name in 2003. The Office serves persons with severe disabilities and secures competitive employment for them. At 22 local offices and the Workforce and Technology Center, the Office of Field Services provides counseling, physical restoration, vocational training, and job placement.

WORKFORCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
2301 Argonne Drive
Baltimore, MD 21218 - 1696

Located in northeast Baltimore, the Workforce and Technology Center opened as the Maryland Rehabilitation Center in 1972. It received its present name in September 2001. For individuals with disabilities who want to find or keep employment, the Center offers vocational and functional assessments, vocational training in 16 vocational fields, independent-living skills training, support services, residential assistance, job placement, and rehabilitation technology services. Also, the Center advises employers on the workplace needs of persons with disabilities.

OFFICE OF PROGRAM & COMMUNITY SUPPORT

Formerly the Office of Communications and Community Relations, the Office of Program and Community Support works through four programs: Client Assistance; Program Support; Public Information and Planning; and Volunteer Services.

ACADEMIC POLICY

Under the direction of a Deputy State Superintendent, Academic Policy formed in January 2003. This office creates and implements major strategic initiatives that ensure that the State meets its own educational goals, as well as accountability provisions from the federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001.

Academic Policy oversees the Communications and Strategic Planning Office.

COMMUNICATIONS & STRATEGIC PLANNING OFFICE

The Communications and Strategic Planning Office originated as the School and Community Outreach Office.

ADMINISTRATION

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

Administration oversees offices for Audit, and Equity Assurance and Compliance, as well as two divisions: Business Services; and Certification and Accreditation. The Office of Information Technology also is under Administration.

EQUITY ASSURANCE & COMPLIANCE OFFICE

As the Office of Equal Opportunity, the Equity Assurance and Compliance Office organized in 1976. In 1993, it became the Equity Assurance and Compliance Branch within the Division of Instruction, later the Division of Instruction and Staff Development. The Branch was reconstituted as the Equity Assurance and Compliance Office and moved to Administration on July 1, 2002. The Office gives technical aid to local school systems for school desegregation. Staff provide training on issues of disability, gender, national origin, and race as they relate to instruction, classroom management, accessibility to facilities and programs, group and personal relations, and employment. The Office also implements State regulations on multicultural education, assignment of personnel, and pupil integration.

DIVISION OF BUSINESS SERVICES

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

The Division of Business Services was organized in 1992 from the Office of Administration and Finance. Formerly under the supervision of the Deputy State Superintendent for Finance, the Division transferred to Administration in 2003. The Division develops and implements the administrative and financial policies, procedures, and systems of the Department.

The Office of Pupil Transportation is overseen by the Division along with seven branches: Accounting; Administrative Services; Budget; Finance, Reporting, and Coordination; Human Resource Management; School and Community Nutrition Programs; and School Facilities.

OFFICE OF PUPIL TRANSPORTATION
In July 2002, the Office of Pupil Transportation formed. Previously, the Nutrition and Transportation Services Branch oversaw pupil transportation.

Transportation of pupils to and from public schools is supervised by the Office. Data on the number of pupils transported and on school bus accidents also is compiled by the Office. In FY2002, the Office oversaw transportation for 622,820 pupils. Moreover, the Office helps school systems test school bus drivers for drug or alcohol use.

SCHOOL & COMMUNITY NUTRITION PROGRAMS BRANCH

The School and Community Nutrition Programs Branch originated in 1981. First called the Nutrition and Transportation Services Branch, it began when programs for food service and pupil transportation were merged within the Department. In 2002, it reorganized under its present name.

Besides working with Maryland's twenty-four public school systems, the Branch helps nearly 700 public and nonprofit private agencies feed children and adults in approximately 7,000 schools, family day-care homes, child- and adult-care centers, and other sites throughout the State. The Branch also offers nutrition education and training. In addition, the Branch administers eight federal food and nutrition programs:

SCHOOL FACILITIES BRANCH

The School Facilities Branch helps local school systems plan capital improvements, and sets guidelines and standards for school design, construction, and management. The Branch oversees approval by the State Superintendent of Schools for locally funded school construction projects that cost more than $350,000. The Branch also collects and analyzes data on energy use in each public school and represents the Department on the Interagency Committee on School Construction.

DIVISION OF CERTIFICATION & ACCREDITATION

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

Functions of the Division of Certification and Accreditation extend back to 1945 and were formalized in 1970 when the Division was created. The Division certifies teachers and other professional personnel; oversees the preparation and assessment of candidates for principalship; and approves the educational programs of nonpublic schools. Under the Division are three branches: Certification; Nonpublic School Approval; and Program Approval and Assessment.

CERTIFICATION BRANCH

The Certification Branch formed in 1981 as the Teacher Education and Certification Branch and received its present name in 1994. The Branch certifies teachers, specialists, and administrators in public schools, and in approved schools operated by State agencies.

NONPUBLIC SCHOOLS APPROVAL BRANCH

As the Nonpublic Schools Accreditation Branch, the Nonpublic Schools Approval Branch started in 1948. It adopted its present name in 1994.

The Branch approves the educational programs of nonpublic nursery schools, kindergartens, elementary schools, middle schools, secondary schools, schools for the disabled, and programs in facilities licensed by other State agencies, such as the Department of Juvenile Justice. These programs must conform to Maryland law and to State Board of Education regulations. The Branch also registers nonpublic church schools that are exempt from education regulations, and church education boards that supervise schooling at home by parents who, due to philosophical differences, do not want to be overseen by local boards of education. Annually, the Branch publishes the Directory of Approved Nonpublic Schools in the State of Maryland.

PROGRAM APPROVAL & ASSESSMENT BRANCH

The Program Approval and Assessment Branch began in 1981 as a part of the Teacher Education and Certification Branch and reorganized under its present name in 1994. The Program Approval and Assessment Branch evaluates and approves programs to educate teachers and prepare other professionally certified personnel. The Branch also coordinates assessments of teachers and principals.

OFFICE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

In 1971, the Office of Information Technology was created as the Information Processing Branch. It became the Information Technology Branch in 1999 under the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management. In July 2001, the Office received its present name and moved from the Division of Planning, Results, and Information Management to the Office of the Deputy State Superintendent for Administration. The Office oversees the Department's information processing operations and expenditures.

INSTRUCTION & ACADEMIC ACCELERATION

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

Instruction and Academic Acceleration started in 1988 when the Bureau of Educational Development formed. The Bureau reorganized as the School Improvement Services Office in 1992. In January 2003, it became Instruction and Academic Acceleration.

The office oversees four divisions: Career Technology and Adult Learning; Instruction; Special Education and Early Intervention Services; and Student and School Services.

DIVISION OF CAREER TECHNOLOGY & ADULT LEARNING

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

In Maryland, an adult education program was initiated in 1941. Financed with federal funds, it trained persons for war production in industry and agriculture. The program was continued by the State and counties from 1945 to 1950. The Division of Career Technology and Adult Learning started as the Division of Vocational Education by 1950. Renamed the Division of Vocational-Technical Education in 1968, and the Division of Career and Technology Education in 1991, it received its present name in 1992.

Career and technology education, and adult learning are overseen by the Division. For State and federal occupational programs, the Division develops and recommends to the State Superintendent of Schools policies, guidelines, and services. The Division also helps local school systems and educational agencies, institutions, businesses, industries, and community organizations plan and evaluate their education and training programs. In both public and private institutions, Division programs are offered to students of all ages.

Under the Division are the Correctional Education Program, and four branches: Adult Education and Literacy Services; Career and Technology Education Instructional; Career and Technology Education Systems; and Career and Technology Education Student and Assessment Services.

ADULT EDUCATION & LITERACY SERVICES BRANCH

In 1980, the Adult Education and Literacy Services Branch formed as the Adult and Community Education Branch. Renamed the Adult Services Branch in 1992, it became the Adult Education and Literacy Services Branch in 1993.

The Branch designs, tests, and runs literacy and instructional programs for adults. Classes in basic skills are offered in designated schools, during and after regular school hours.

General Education Development (G.E.D.) Testing Program. The Branch administers this program to help individuals attain a Maryland high school diploma. Tests are given on the second Saturday of every month at twenty-one test centers throughout the State. The test covers writing skills, social studies, science, literature and the arts, and mathematics. Applications to take the test are available from the General Education Development Branch or the adult education center of each local school system.

Consolidated Adult Education Program. The Program provides resources to instruct adults in basic educational and English-language skills. Federally funded, this program provides instruction to prepare adults for G.E.D. testing, or the Maryland Adult External Diploma Program. Classes in reading, mathematics, communications, computer literacy, and workplace skills are available for adults at least 16 years old who are not enrolled, or legally required to be enrolled, in a secondary school.

Maryland Adult External Diploma Program. This program offers an alternative means for adults to get a high school diploma through assessment of their skills and competency.

Adult General Education Program. This is a State-funded program. It provides financial support and technical assistance to local school systems for preparing adults to take the G.E.D. tests.

Family Literacy Program. The Program uses federal funds for family literacy programs that incorporate early childhood education, adult education, parent and child literacy activities, and parenting skills.

Workplace Education Program. Through federally-funded business-education partnerships, workers are taught the advanced skills needed to keep or advance in their jobs. Unemployed and underemployed workers learn skills for finding and keeping a job.

In addition, the Branch also oversees the Literacy Works Program, an interagency plan to eliminate illiteracy in Maryland, and the Maryland Adult Literacy Resource Center, which tracks the progress of students and programs, conducts workshops and seminars, and distributes resource material.

CAREER & TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION INSTRUCTIONAL BRANCH

The Career and Technology Education Instructional Branch began in 1981 as the Program Development and Operations Branch. In 1992, it was renamed the Career and Technology Services Branch. In 1995, the Branch assumed functions of the School-to-Work Transition Services Branch and reorganized as the Career Connection Branch. Renamed the Career Technology Instructional Services Branch in 1997, it received its present name July 1, 1997.

Local school systems are assisted with career and technology education by the Branch. Programs cover agriculture, business and office education, consumer education, distribution and marketing, entrepreneurship, health occupations, home economics, postsecondary and adult programs, technology, teen parenting, trade and industry, and youth organizations. With local schools, the Branch also works on curriculum, and programs for students who are disadvantaged, or have disabilities or a limited command of English.

The Branch helps local school systems and community colleges teach students how to choose and prepare for a career. Beginning in kindergarten and continuing through grade 12, students are introduced to different careers. Programs cover apprenticeships, career academies, and other school- and work-based projects. The Branch assists with programs on sex equity, single parents, displaced homemakers, and community organization projects. Beginning in 2002, the Branch also became responsible for coordinating Americorps Vista, the Core Learning Program, High School Graduation Requirements, Middle Schools Learning, Service Learning, and Year-Round Schools.

CAREER & TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION STUDENT & ASSESSMENT SERVICES BRANCH

In July 2000, the Career and Technology Education Student and Assessment Services Branch formed within the Division of Career Technology and Adult Learning. The Branch collects, analyzes, and reports outcome data on career and technology education programs and students. For local school systems and community colleges, the data targets what programs work and which need to be improved. The data is available to students for making informed enrollment decisions. The Branch also is developing a statewide credentialing system for career and technology students.

Further, the Branch provides State-level leadership and conducts statewide conferences and competition for student organizations, including: Distribution Education Clubs of America (DECA); Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA); Future Consumer and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA); Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA); and SkillsUSA-Vocational Industrial Clubs of America.

CAREER & TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION SYSTEMS BRANCH

The Career and Technology Education Systems Branch organized in 1981 as the Support Services Branch. Renamed the Administrative Support Services Branch in 1992, it became the Program Support Services Branch in 1993; and the Career Technology Systems Support Branch in 1997. It reformed under its present name July 1, 1997.

Local school systems, community colleges, the Division of Career Technology and Adult Learning, and other State agencies are helped by the Bureau to develop, finance, and administer career and technology education. The Branch also assists them with data analysis.

CORRECTIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAM

In 1976, the State Department of Education first collaborated with the Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services on the Correctional Education Program. Administration and funding of correctional education transferred to the State Department of Education in 1978 (Chapter 22, Acts of 1978). The Program joined the Division of Career Technology and Adult Learning in 1992.

The Correctional Education Program offers academic and vocational instruction and library services to prisoners under the Division of Correction in the Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services. Instruction emphasizes preparation for the General Education Development (G.E.D.) examination. Inmates passing this exam are awarded high school diplomas. Within prisons, the Program also coordinates services of postsecondary institutions and other educational agencies. The Program does not oversee educational programs for delinquent youth. These are administered by the Program Improvement and Family Support Branch of the Division of Student and School Services.

DIVISION OF INSTRUCTION

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

In 1945, the Division of Instruction was established, although its earliest duties have been carried out by the Department since 1920. The Division became the Division of Instruction and Staff Development in 1994, and resumed its former name in July 2000.

For public schools, the Division formulates guidelines for curriculum to be approved by the State Superintendent of Schools. Guidelines also set standards for educational programs of State agencies. For the Maryland School Performance Assessment Program, the Division monitors education programs.

The Division approves plans to reform schools that receive help from the Challenge System Initiative or through Carnegie Foundation grants. With the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, the Division sets standards and guidelines for school health programs. The Division also trains staff; audits programs; and sponsors conferences on curriculum and learning.

Under the Division are five branches: Administration and Instructional Programs; Assessment; Curriculum; Instructional Technology and School Library Media Services; and Teacher Professional Development. Also, the Division is assisted by Curriculum Instruction and Professional Development, and the Web-Based Learning Project Steering Committee.

ADMINISTRATION & INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS

Administration and Instructional Programs began as the Instructional Development, Enrichment, and Advancement Branch, became Curriculum and Administration in September 2002, and reorganized under its present name in July 2003. It oversees State programs for gifted and talented students; fine arts; comprehensive health education; physical education; and athletics.

CURRICULUM

Formerly the Curriculum Development Branch, Curriculum is responsible for five units: Early Learning; Language Development; Mathematics; Science; and Social Studies.

EARLY LEARNING OFFICE
The Early Learning Office provides technical assistance and monitors programs for primary education; school readiness assessment; parent involvement; child care for school children; and early identification of and intervention for children who begin kindergarten disadvantaged due to learning disabilities or socioeconomic factors. In July 2003, the Head-Start Collaboration transferred to this office from the Office for Children, Youth, and Families.

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT SECTION
The Language Development Section originated in 1989, when the Language Development and Early Learning Branch was created. To promote learning and language development in young children (ages 4 through 9), the Section designs, tests, and implements programs for effective teaching. The Section devises programs for English language arts, foreign languages, and bilingual education.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY & SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA SERVICES

Instructional Technology and School Library Media Services administers State and federal programs that provide funding for technology in local school systems. The Branch also helps public and private schools use school library media in print, audiovisual and electronic formats, and use electronic information technology in teaching. For Department staff, the State Media Center provides information and audiovisual services.

Origins of Instructional Technology and School Library Media Services trace to 1968 when the Office of School Libraries and Instructional Materials Services was created. The Office reorganized as the School Library Media Services Section in 1970, as the School Library Media Services Branch in 1978; and became the School Library Media Services and State Media Services Branch in 1987. Formerly within the Division of Library Development and Services, the Branch joined the Division of Instruction and Staff Development in 1995 and was renamed the School Library Media Services Branch in 1997. Functions of the Branch merged with the Instructional Technology Branch on July 1, 2002, when it reorganized as the Instructional Technology and School Library Media Services Branch. In July 2003, it received its present name.

TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Teacher Professional Development formed within the Division of Instruction in July 2003.

DIVISION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION & EARLY INTERVENTION SERVICES

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

Established in 1978 as the Division of Special Education, the Division of Special Education and Early Intervention Services received its present name in April 1999. The Division works with parents and local school systems to educate all children and youth with disabilities. The Division assists local school systems with early childhood programs, individual education plans, nondiscriminatory testing, personnel development, and program evaluation. It also supervises education in approved public and private institutions and assesses the educational needs of children with profound or complex disabilities.

Administering both State and federal programs for special education, the Division directs six branches: Community and Interagency Services; Complaint Investigation and Due Process; Divisional and State Interagency Services; Infants and Toddlers Program and Preschool Services; Program Administration, Staff Development and Support; and Student Achievement and Results.

COMMUNITY & INTERAGENCY SERVICES BRANCH

The Community and Interagency Services Branch began as the Nonpublic Schools Branch in 1978 and adopted its present name in July 1997.

Nonpublic Tuition Assistance Program. Through this program, the Branch partially reimburses local school systems for the cost of educating children with disabilities in private schools that have programs to meet their special needs. The Branch ensures that the children are placed in regular classrooms or in programs that encourage their independence. To ensure compliance with State and federal regulations, the Branch monitors day and residential schools.

With the State Coordinating Council, the Branch reviews all residential placements of special education students in out-of-state private schools. It also cooperates with the Office of Children, Youth, and Families and other State agencies to expand community programs so that children with disabilities may return from out of state to regular classrooms in Maryland.

COMPLAINT INVESTIGATION & DUE PROCESS BRANCH

The Complaint Investigation and Due Process Branch was created in 2003.

DIVISIONAL & STATE INTERAGENCY SERVICES BRANCH

In 2001, the Divisional and State Interagency Services Branch formed within the Division of Special Education and Early Intervention Services.

INFANTS & TODDLERS PROGRAM & PRESCHOOL SERVICES BRANCH

Initiated in 1988 by the State Department of Education, the Infants and Toddlers Program transferred to the Office for Children, Youth, and Families in 1990 (Chapter 419, Acts of 1990). When the Infants and Toddlers Program moved back to the State Department of Education in 1997, the Infants and Toddlers Program and Preschool Services Branch formed within the Division of Special Education on July 1, 1997 (Chapter 386, Acts of 1997).

The Infants and Toddlers Program and Preschool Services Branch helps infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families.

Early Intervention Program. In 1988, the State Department of Education was designated by the Governor to administer the federal Early Intervention Program in Maryland (Executive Order 01.01.1988.15). The Program concerns youngsters from birth through age three. It provides health and medical services, family training, counseling, and specialized child care (federal Education of the Handicapped Act; P.L. 99-457). The Branch also supports preschool special education for children, ages three to five (Code Education Article, sec. 8-416).

PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION, STAFF DEVELOPMENT & SUPPORT BRANCH

The Program Administration, Staff Development and Support Branch started as the Program Administration and Evaluation Branch in 1978 and became the Program Administration and Support Branch in 1992. It reorganized as the Program Administration, Staff Development and Support Branch in 2001. The Branch works with local school systems to provide special education. It also helps prepare federal, State and local plans, programs, and budgets for special education. For children with disabilities, the Branch monitors local programs and coordinates training for their parents. The Branch also oversees the Principals' Academy, which consists of professional development institutes sponsored by the Division.

STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT & RESULTS BRANCH

The Student Achievement and Results Branch formed in November 2002. The Branch assists local education agencies and the Department in developing and implementing programs for children ages 6 to 21 who have disabilities. It provides technical assistance in evaluating individual progress, and helps local school systems with issues arising from the federal No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and its impact on students with disabilities.

DIVISION OF STUDENT & SCHOOL SERVICES

200 West Baltimore St.
Baltimore, MD 21201

The Division of Student and School Services originated in 1966 as the Division of Federal-State Programs. In 1972, it reorganized as the Division of Compensatory, Urban, and Supplemental Programs. It became the Division of Compensatory Education and Support Services in 1988, and was renamed Division of Student and School Services in 1999. The Division administers and supervises federal and State programs to educate children who may fail academically due to social or economic disadvantages (P.L. 103-382; Code Education Article, secs. 5-204; 5-206; 5-207; 8-101 through 8-107).

Under the Division are the Maryland Student Service Alliance, the Office of Comprehensive Planning and School Support, and three branches: Program Improvement and Family Support; Student Services and Alternative Programs; and Youth Development.

PROGRAM IMPROVEMENT & FAMILY SUPPORT BRANCH

In 1988, the Program Improvement and Family Support Branch began as the Compensatory and Migrant Education Branch. Renamed Compensatory Education Branch in 1995, it received its present name in 1999. The Branch helps local school systems and other agencies design education programs for disadvantaged children. For students in high poverty areas, the Branch supplements instruction and devises ways to increase family literacy. Schools are aided by the Branch to hire extra teachers, buy additional equipment and materials, teach before and after school, and train staff. The Branch funds education for neglected and delinquent youth in juvenile detention centers and adult prisons.

STUDENT SERVICES & ALTERNATIVE PROGRAMS BRANCH

The Student Services and Alternative Programs Branch formed in 1966 as the Pupil Services Branch. It was renamed Pupil Services and Drug-Free Schools Branch in 1992. It resumed its former name in 1995 and became the Student Services and Alternative Programs Branch in 1999. The Branch assists local school systems with programs to improve the emotional, mental and physical well-being of students. These include child abuse and youth suicide prevention; drug and alcohol abuse prevention and intervention; health services; school guidance and psychology; and teen pregnancy and parenting. To schools with disruptive students or students who may not complete high school, the Branch allocates federal and State funds. Funds help pupil personnel directors reduce truancy; provide alternative education and develop home instruction guides for children absent from school. The Branch also works to educate homeless children and youth.

Rural School Nurses Program. The Program is overseen by the Branch. Through this program, matching funds are provided to Maryland's seven poorest counties for hiring school nurses. In schools, nurses attend to the general health of students, health education, and drug abuse prevention.

YOUTH DEVELOPMENT BRANCH

The Youth Development Branch organized within the Division of Student and School Services in 2002. It includes the Character Education Office, the Maryland Student Service Alliance, and Student Leadership and Outreach.

CHARACTER EDUCATION OFFICE
The Character Education Office was created in 1996. The Office coordinates character education programs and implements recommendations of the Values Education Commission, which submitted its final report in 1983.

MARYLAND STUDENT SERVICE ALLIANCE
Through the Maryland Student Service Alliance, the Branch helps local schools provide opportunities for students to serve their community. In Maryland, such service has been mandated for high school graduation since 1997. Formed in 1988, the Alliance also approves local plans for new community service programs in high schools.

Formerly under the Division of Instruction, the Maryland Student Service Alliance transferred to the Division of Student and School Services in 2002.

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